The art form that originates from the early Greeks and encompasses both tragedy and comedy is theater. This dramatic form developed in ancient Greece, particularly during festivals honoring the god Dionysus, where playwrights would present works that contained both serious themes (tragedies) and lighter, more humorous narratives (comedies). The Greeks made significant contributions to the development of dramatic structure, character development, and dialogue, establishing a foundation for theater that influences many forms of performance art today.
In the context of the other options, while sculpture involves the creation of three-dimensional works and dance relates to expressive movement, neither directly incorporates the themes of tragedy and comedy in the way that theater does. Literature might involve storytelling and exploration of themes similar to those found in theatrical plays, but it does not specifically denote the performance aspect that defines theater as an art form. Thus, theater is the correct choice as it distinctly celebrates the dramatic arts through both tragic and comedic narratives.