Which philosophy from the Realist period continues to influence political systems today?

The philosophy that continues to influence political systems today from the Realist period is Utilitarianism. Utilitarianism, primarily developed by philosophers like Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, is centered around the principle of the greatest happiness for the greatest number. This philosophical approach has significant implications for politics and ethics, as it provides a framework for evaluating actions and policies based on their outcomes, particularly in terms of social welfare and overall happiness.

Utilitarianism's emphasis on consequences aligns with many modern democratic and political systems that prioritize policies intended to maximize the well-being of the majority. It impacts legislation, public policy, and even economic theories where the focus remains on addressing societal needs and improving quality of life.

While Marxism, Existentialism, and Pragmatism also arose from various philosophical traditions and hold value in different contexts, they do not have the same pervasive influence on contemporary political structures as Utilitarianism. Marxism primarily critiques capitalism and seeks to establish a classless society, which does not align with the current operational frameworks of most political systems. Existentialism focuses on individual freedom and the meaning of existence, which is more philosophical and personal than directly political. Pragmatism emphasizes practical consequences and applications of ideas but is often more associated with problem-solving